How a bill becomes a law in canada flowchart

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    Government Information: Canada


    The following guide will explain the process by which a typical government initiated bill becomes law. This guide provides an overview of the Federal Legislative Process.

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    Adapted from The Federal Legislative Process in Canada (CA1 J 87F24 Documents).

    To become law, a bill must first be introduced in either the Senate or the House of Commons. It must then pass through various stages in each House: first, second and third reading.

    Then it must receive Royal Assent.

    Definitions

    Public Bills

    These are proposals for laws that will affect the public in general. Most public bills are introduced by Government Ministers.

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  • Bills sponsored by the Government are numbered from C-1 to C-200 in order of presentation. If they are introduced first in the Senate, they are numbered starting S-1.

    Private Bills

    These are limited in scope: they concern an individual or group of individuals only.

    They confer a right on some person or group, or relieve them of a responsibility.

    Policy Proposal

    Most legislation originates with the Government. Policy proposal requiri

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